Newman Analysis Error in Examining Elementary Students’Challenges in Solving Mixed Fraction Operation Word Story Problem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18269/jpmipa.v30i2.81963Keywords:
newman, NEA, word story problem, fraction, elementary schoolAbstract
Pemahaman siswa terhadap operasi penghitungan campuran pada pecahan merupakan aspek penting dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar. Namun, berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa sering mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita yang berkaitan dengan konsep ini. Solusi tersebut dapat terjadi akibat kesalahan-kesalahan yang dialami siswa seperti kurangnya pemahaman terhadap konsep pecahan, kesalahan prosedur, dan kesulitan dalam memahami makna soal. Apabila permasalahan ini tidak segera terselesaikan, tentu akan berdampak pada proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu pendekatan yang dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa berdasarkan Analisis Kesalahan Newman. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes uraian empat soal dan wawancara untuk menggali faktor-faktor penyebab kesalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan paling dominan terjadi pada tahap penulisan jawaban akhir (32,35%), diikuti oleh kesalahan pada proses penyelesaian soal (25,49%), transformasi (18,63%), pemahaman soal (14,71%), dan pembacaan soal (8,82%). Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman konsep pecahan, tergesa-gesa dalam mengerjakan soal, dan minimnya penggunaan metode konkret dalam pembelajaran. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan berbasis pemecahan masalah dan penggunaan media konkret untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap operasi hitung pecahan.
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